How to grow oyster mushrooms?

For a long time, mushroom cultivation was considered difficult because of the technical literature did not say the whole truth. Only in rare cases it turned off the harvest. The problems of obtaining fungi and discuss in this article. It is - for those who until then had never cultivated mushrooms. I will try to tell you everything is simple and easy to understand.
Thus, the fungi do not grow everywhere. They need a nutrient substrate. This refers to a kind of "soil" on which the mushrooms grow. It could be straw, sawdust, that is, organic matter containing cellulose. At the same time for normal growth substrate must be thermally processed (cooked). In fact, sterilization is understood the material. If the substrate is not sterilized, then most likely you will not get the harvest, as in nature there are about 60 different species of mold, bacteria and insects that can infest on this substrate.
What types of sterilization? The most simple - steam provarivanie, pouring boiling water. That is, treatment of water with a temperature of 90 ° C. In general, it is possible, and pasteurization (temperature 60-70 ° C), but the exposure time is quite another (wait 24 hours).
Substrate prior to processing must be placed in transparent plastic bags to be seen how the zamitselivanie substrate. Zamitselivanie - this is when the substrate mycelium of the fungi begin to grow. This is evident as soon as the white fly. Mycelium - is the "seeds of fungi." It may be different - solution or grain. Corn is better, they have a supply of growth. In fact, zamitselennye grain - a mycelium. Mycelium - a dense tangle of filaments of fungi, which gives the fruiting bodies.
So, you have a mycelium. It must be placed in the nutrient substrate to produce a crop. The substrate was prepared (sterilized), now need to break the mycelium into pieces about 1 cc, and placed in the substrate. If everything is lumped together, zamitselivanie happen, but slowly. Therefore it is better to do this: a piece of mycelium - covered substrate - the next piece, and so forth, observing sterility.
Then, you must all shut down, sealed to a closed container did not get bacteria. Complete sealing is not necessary. Make a hole, so that the fungi could receive fresh air and close the cap of the syntepon. This sponge, which is breathable, but does not transmit the bacteria.
It should be noted that the fungi need moisture. After processing the substrate with water, it contains a lot of water, which can not evaporate from the plastic bag. These are good conditions for zamitselivaniya substrate. Experiments have shown that zamitselivanie (mushroom seeds coverage of the substrate) is well carried out in two stages: at 15-18 ° C - initial phase - a week, 18-25 ° C - the second week.
What is an indicator of what is happening is normal zamitselivaniya? On the substrate to form white patches. Increasing temperature provokes proliferation of fungi, provided high humidity.
From my personal experience. Zamitselennye bags per week were in the cellar at a temperature of 17 ° C. At such low temperatures, they can not bear fruit. But when they moved to another room with a temperature of 22 ° C and above - we got a crop.
How to get a harvest? Look at zamitselennye bags. You'll find that in some places mushrooms are growing. Half a centimeter above this place to make a bag cut. Be careful not to damage the mushrooms. Through this hole mushrooms will come out. Now the problem is in the outdoor humidity. If the required level of moisture will not be - fruiting bodies of fungi dry up.
Fungi can grow to large sizes. We usually harvest of small mushrooms, young, rich and beautiful.
What problems exist in the mushroom? The number one problem - mold. This is evident as soon as spots on the substrate a dark green color. Experts advise to immediately discard these contaminated blocks. But you can not do so categorically. Separate from the rest of the infected blocks and remove them from the crop. If the block is partially struck, it simply can not be used further, but the harvest can still be removed. The literature says that when the temperature drops fungi develop, and there is no mold. Experiments have shown that fungi grow faster mold. They occupy the entire substrate. Therefore, mold have nothing to fear. Contaminated bags may have to harvest. Maybe not such as I, but all the same.
 When the water a lot, and the mycelium does not manage to capture all of the bottom of the block can grow yeast colonies. This is evident by the characteristic yellow coating at the bottom of the package, reminiscent of the gel. Perforation (piercing hole) helps, but partially. The fluid does not flow - it's a gel. The cause of yeast - excess moisture. These units should be treated the same way as infected with mold.
Under what conditions zamitselivanie is slow? When low (below 22 ° C) temperatures, low humidity, when the substrate is poorly rammed.
You should not pull at the common blocks. Wait for the result, let the mushrooms grow easily. See, observe, but do not pull at the (moving from this spawn and can not normally zamitselit block). Do not expect miracles from the mushrooms - they grow up in two weeks, but not immediately. Growing mushrooms - not a quick process.